Wi-Fi RTLS is a technology that allows tags to communicate with multiple access points via Wi-Fi. The location of the tag is determined based on the amount of time it takes for the signal to be received. Wi-Fi RTLS systems gather data from access points and determine the location of individual wireless devices within the building.
They provide contextual data on device usage, as well as real-time location information. RTLS operates by tagging objects or individuals with devices that emit signals, which are then captured by a network of receivers that calculate the tag’s location, often in real-time.
Wi-Fi RTLS (Real-Time Location System) is a technology that uses Wi-Fi networks to track the real-time location of assets, people, or devices within a defined area. It leverages existing wireless infrastructure, making it a cost-effective and scalable solution for various industries such as healthcare, manufacturing, retail, and logistics.
Wi-Fi RTLS systems work by tagging assets or individuals with Wi-Fi-enabled devices or tags. These tags periodically send signals (or “beacons”) that are detected by Wi-Fi access points (APs) or dedicated sensors. The system calculates the tag’s position using algorithms such as:
- RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)
- TDoA (Time Difference of Arrival)
- AoA (Angle of Arrival)
Data is then analyzed and visualized through RTLS software platforms to show real-time movement, trigger alerts, or generate reports.
Key Features of Wi-Fi RTLS
- Real-Time Location Tracking
Continuous monitoring of assets or personnel with frequent location updates (often within seconds). - Scalability
Uses existing Wi-Fi infrastructure, making it suitable for small to large deployments. - Zone-Based or Room-Level Accuracy
While traditional Wi-Fi RTLS may offer 3-10 meter accuracy, enhancements (e.g., using AoA) can improve location precision. - Geofencing & Alerts
Set virtual boundaries and receive alerts when assets enter or leave predefined zones. - Historical Reporting
Track past movements for audits, compliance, or efficiency analysis. - Integration with Enterprise Systems
API access allows integration with ERP, EHR, WMS, and other platforms. - Battery-Operated Tags
Low-power, long-lasting tags for asset tracking, some lasting 3–5 years on a single battery. - Security & Privacy
Encryption and access controls ensure data privacy and network integrity.
Technology Behind Wi-Fi RTLS
| Technology | Description |
|---|---|
| Wi-Fi Access Points (APs) | Act as sensors to detect tag signals or transmit location data. |
| Wi-Fi Tags | Devices that emit wireless signals to be located by APs or RTLS engines. |
| Location Engine | Software platform that processes signals to determine precise location. |
| RTLS Middleware | Integrates location data with business applications and dashboards. |
| Advanced Algorithms | Include trilateration, fingerprinting, machine learning for location estimation. |
Enhancements:
- BLE Hybridization: Some systems combine Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Low Energy for better accuracy.
- UWB (Ultra-Wideband): Occasionally used with Wi-Fi in hybrid setups for higher precision.
Top Wi-Fi RTLS Vendors
1. Cisco DNA Spaces
- Combines Wi-Fi and BLE for indoor location tracking.
- Real-time analytics, asset tracking, and occupancy insights.
- Seamless integration with Cisco Meraki and Catalyst networks.
2. Aruba (a Hewlett Packard Enterprise company)
- Aruba Meridian platform supports location services using Aruba APs.
- BLE + Wi-Fi hybrid location tracking.
- App-based wayfinding and asset tracking.
3. AiRISTA Flow
- Specializes in healthcare and industrial RTLS.
- Offers Wi-Fi and BLE-based tags.
- Workflow automation, staff duress systems, and asset management.
4. Zebra Technologies
- Strong in logistics and warehouse management.
- Wi-Fi, BLE, and UWB hybrid tags and sensors.
- RFID and barcode integration as well.
5. Ubisense
- Location Intelligence Platform that supports Wi-Fi and UWB.
- High-accuracy asset tracking for manufacturing and aerospace.
6. Kontakt.io
- Focuses on healthcare, retail, and smart buildings.
- BLE-first but offers Wi-Fi gateways and hybrid solutions.
- Cloud-based dashboards and easy deployment.
7. Ekahau
- Traditionally known for Wi-Fi site survey tools.
- Offers Wi-Fi-based RTLS for enterprise applications.
- Real-time visual tracking with floor plans.
Use Cases of Wi-Fi RTLS
- Healthcare: Asset tracking, patient flow monitoring, nurse call automation.
- Manufacturing: Tool tracking, worker safety, process optimization.
- Retail: Shopper analytics, merchandise tracking, inventory control.
- Logistics: Pallet tracking, forklift monitoring, yard management.
- Education & Offices: Campus safety, room occupancy, contact tracing.
